The drug has undergone animal reproduction studies and appears to have no negative effect on the pregnancy, says. Aleksandr M. Fuks, M. Penicillin , the most commonly used antibiotic during pregnancy, as well as other widely prescribed antibiotics, have not been found to be associated with increased risk for about 30 different birth defects, according to The National Birth Defects Prevention Study.
But ethical considerations preclude conducting drugs trials in pregnant women, so for many drugs, no adequate and well-controlled studies, Dr. Fuks says. There might be negative fetal effects associated with some Category B drugs that aren't currently recognized.
Though many antibiotics such as pencillin have been used safely for decades, resistant strains of bacteria are forcing doctors to use a wider array of antibiotics. Safety depends on various factors, including the type of antibiotic, when in your pregnancy you take the antibiotic, dosage, and duration of use.
Even if an antibiotic has been linked to an elevated risk of birth defect , chances remain small. For example, the risk of having a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome is about one in 4, Sulfonamide antibiotics such as Septrim and Bactrim are associated with a threefold increase, making the likelihood about one in 1,, according to the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities.
In a study published in the journal Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety , researchers investigated whether there was any link between taking macrolides — including azithromycin and clarithromycin — during pregnancy and having a baby with birth defects. Looking at data from over , pregnant women in the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort, they compared the outcomes of those who'd taken macrolides, those who'd taken penicillin, and those who hadn't taken any antibiotics.
The FDA classifies azithromycin as a category B drug, which means it has been shown to be safe in animal studies. Clarithromycin is category C, which means it has been shown to have negative effects in animals. Category X Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities, there is evidence of fetal risk based on human experience, or both. The risk of use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweighs any possible benefit. The drug should not be used by women who are or may become pregnant.
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Pulmonary function tests PFTs are a group of tests that measure how well your lungs work. Taking too much of an antibiotic, even the ones that are considered safe during pregnancy, can be harmful to you and your baby. During pregnancy, your body protects your baby from many illnesses. These include the common cold or a stomach bug. But some infections, including bacterial infections, can pass through the placenta and harm your baby. If an infection passes through the placenta, it can make your baby very sick.
Some infections can cause birth defects or breathing problems or keep your baby from growing well. If left untreated, certain infections can also make you more likely to have a miscarriage or have other problems with your pregnancy. If you think you may have an infection, talk to your doctor. If you need to take amoxicillin during pregnancy, communicate with your doctor. Be sure to keep the following in mind:. Following these steps can help ensure that you keep you and your pregnancy as healthy as possible.
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However, the specific type of medication must be chosen carefully. Some antibiotics are OK to take during pregnancy, while others are not. Safety depends on various factors, including the type of antibiotic, when in your pregnancy you take the antibiotic and for how long, how much you take, and the possible effects it might have on your pregnancy. Certain other antibiotics are believed to pose risks during pregnancy.
For example, tetracyclines can affect bone development and discolor a developing baby's teeth. Tetracyclines aren't recommended for use after the fifth week of pregnancy. Sulfonamides might pose a small risk of heart conditions, cleft lip or palate, and jaundice. Sulfonamides are generally avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy and near the time of delivery. If an antibiotic is the best way to treat your condition, your doctor will prescribe the safest antibiotic and dosage.
If you have questions or concerns about the use of an antibiotic during pregnancy, talk to your doctor. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Sign up for free, and stay up-to-date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID, plus expert advice on managing your health. Error Email field is required. Error Include a valid email address. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information and to understand which information is beneficial, we may combine your e-mail and website usage information with other information we have about you.
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